What does choice theory assume about individuals who commit crimes?

• A. They are influenced solely by their environment.
• B. They act irrationally without intense thought.
• C. They have free will and make rational decisions.
• D. They are driven entirely by biological factors.

Answer: (C)

Choice theory assumes that individuals who commit crimes have free will and make rational decisions. This theory posits that people weigh the potential benefits and consequences of their actions before deciding to engage in criminal behavior. It emphasizes the idea that individuals have control over their actions and make choices based on a logical evaluation of what they believe will maximize their utility or pleasure while minimizing pain or risk.

In this context, criminals are seen as rational actors who consciously decide to commit offenses, often influenced by personal gain, perceived opportunity, or a calculated risk. This understanding of criminal behavior suggests that interventions could be effective if they alter the perceived benefits or increase the perceived risks of committing crime, such as through deterrence strategies.

The other options present different perspectives that do not align with choice theory. For example, believing that individuals are influenced solely by their environment would suggest a more deterministic viewpoint that undermines personal agency. Similarly, the idea that people act irrationally without intense thought contradicts the premise that individuals consciously make decisions based on a rational assessment. Lastly, attributing criminal behavior entirely to biological factors ignores the role of free will and rationality in decision-making.